Agile Web Development With Rails, 2nd Edition (2006).pdf

Important Information

About Rails Versions

Rails is an evolving framework. The core Rails developers are continually

making changes, adding new features, ﬁxing bugs, and so on. Periodically

they package up the latest version of Rails into a release. These releases are

then available to application developers as RubyGems.

This book is written for Rails 1.2.

As the book is going to press the core team have created the codebase for

Rails 1.2. However, they have not yet packaged it into a gem. This gives us a

bit of a problem. We want the book to reﬂect all the latest and greatest Rails

features, but we also know that it is hard for folks to jump through the hoops

required to get the so-called Edge version of Rails installed on their systems.

And until a gem is available, the 1.2 features are only available in Edge Rails.

Now, it may well be that by the time you get your hands on this book, the

Rails 1.2 gem is out. It’s easy to ﬁnd out. After you’ve installed Rails (as

described in Chapter 3 , Installing Rails, on page 31 ) , bring up a command

prompt and enter rails -v . If it reports “Rails 1.2” or later, you’re ﬁne.

If instead you see something like “Rails 1.1.6,” you’ll need to update to get

the code in this book to run. We’ve prepared a snapshot of the Rails frame-

work code that we used when writing this book. You can install it in your

own Rails applications as a temporary measure until 1.2 is released.

• Create your application normally. You’ll ﬁnd that it will contain a direc-

tory called vendor

• Download http://media.pragprog.com/titles/rails2/code/rails.zip into your

application’s vendor directory and unzip it. It should create a new direc-

tory called rails

• In your application’s top-level directory, issue the command

rake rails:update

Once Rails 1.2 is released, you can install it and remove the directory tree

vendor/rails from your applications.

The version of Rails from our web site is not an ofﬁcial release, and should

not be used in production applications.

Dave Thomas

Agile Web Development with Rails

Second Edition

Dave Thomas

David Heinemeier Hansson

with Leon Breedt

Mike Clark

James Duncan Davidson

Justin Gehtland

Andreas Schwarz

The Pragmatic Bookshelf

Raleigh, North Carolina Dallas, Texas

Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are

claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and The Pragmatic Program-

mers, LLC was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial capital

letters or in all capitals. The Pragmatic Starter Kit, The Pragmatic Programmer, Pragmatic Program-

ming, Pragmatic Bookshelf and the linking g device are trademarks of The Pragmatic Programmers,

LLC.

Every precaution was taken in the preparation of this book. However, the publisher assumes no

responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages that may result from the use of information

(including program listings) contained herein.

Our Pragmatic courses, workshops, and other products can help you and your team create better

software and have more fun. For more information, as well as the latest Pragmatic titles, please

visit us at

http://www.pragmaticprogrammer.com

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any

form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the

prior consent of the publisher.

Printed in the United States of America.

ISBN-10: 0-9776166-3-0

ISBN-13: 978-0-9776166-3-3

Printed on acid-free paper with 85% recycled, 30% post-consumer content.

P1.00 printing, November 22, 2006

Version: 2006-11-22

Contents

Preface to the Second Edition

1 Introduction

1.1

Rails Is Agile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

1.2

Finding Your Way Around . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

1.3

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Part I—Getting Started

2 The Architecture of Rails Applications

2.1

Models, Views, and Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

2.2

Active Record: Rails Model Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

2.3

Action Pack: The View and Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

3 Installing Rails

3.1

Your Shopping List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

3.2

Installing on Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

3.3

Installing on Mac OS X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

3.4

Installing on Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

3.5

Development Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

3.6

Rails and Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

3.7

Keeping Up-to-Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

3.8

Rails and ISPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

4 Instant Gratiﬁcation

4.1

Creating a New Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

4.2

Hello, Rails! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

4.3

Linking Pages Together . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

4.4

What We Just Did . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

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