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THE REEF & MARINE AQUARIUM MAGAZINE
Tobies
• New Livestock Frontiers
• Glorious
Scolymia
• Designer Clownish
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VOLUME 7 • NUMBER 4
•
eDItor & publIsher |
JamesM.Lawrence
INterNatIoNal publIsher |
MatthiasSchmidt
INterNatIoNal eDItor |
DanielKnop
seNIor aDvIsory boarD |
Dr.GeraldR.Allen,ChristopherBrightwell,
Dr.AndrewW.Bruckner,J.CharlesDelbeek,
Dr.SylviaEarle,SveinA.Fosså,JayHemdal,
SanjayJoshi,LarryJackson,MartinA.Moe,
Jr.,Dr.JohnE.Randall,JulianSprung,Dr.
RobToonen,JeffreyA.Turner,JosephYaiullo
coNtrIbutINg eDItors |
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Haag,LanceIchinotsubo,ScottW.Michael,
AlfJacobNilsen,RonaldL.Shimek,Ph.D.,
MaryE.Sweeney,DeniseNielsenTackett,Ret
Talbot,JohnH.Tullock,TimWijgerde
photographers |
DeniseNielsenTackett,LarryP.Tackett,Vince
Suh,MatthewL.Wittenrich
traNslator |
MaryBailey
art DIrector |
LindaProvost
assocIate eDItors |
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EliNadeau,LouiseWatson
eDItorIal & busINess offIces
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2
letter from europe
by Daniel Knop
5
eDItor’s page
by James M. Lawrence
6
letters
8
reef News
16
rarItIes
by Inken Krause
TheCatalinaGoby(
Lythrypnus dalli
)
22
INtervIew:
PietervanSuijlekom
Feature articles
32
tobIes (sharpNose puffers)
by Daniel Knop
36
cats oN the prowl
Thelittle-knownbehaviorsoftheLeopardToby
by Professor Ellen Thayer
42
aquarIum maINteNaNce of tobIes
by Professor Ellen Thayer
48
the systematIcs of tobIes (caNthIgasterINae)
by Inken Krause
50
overvIew of tobIes IN the sea aND aquarIum
by Inken Krause
52
holy scoly!
Scolymia
:Beguilingbeauties
by Vince Suh
62
DesIgNer clowNs
Triumphortravesty?
by Matthew L. Witenrich
74
a New froNtIer for marINe lIvestock
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CORAL
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CORAL
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KORALLE
Germany,
ISSN:1556-5769
Natur und Tier Verlag GmbH
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All rights reserved. Reproduction of any material from this
issue in whole or in part is strictly prohibited.
cover:
Atlantic Toby,
Canthigaster rostrata
Photo by Matthew Wittenrich
backgrouND:
Scolymia australis
Photo by Vince Suh
SettingthesustainabilitybarhighinPapuaNewGuinea
by Ret Talbot
aquarium Portrait
89
yesterDay to toDay
ThereefaquariumofDieterRössig
by Dieter Rössig
dePartments
95
specIes spotlIght:
Holthuis’sAnemoneShrimp
by Daniel Knop
98
reefkeepINg 101:
Howtouseaishtrap
by Dr. Dieter Brockmann
102
Coral
exIcoN
Technicaltermsthatappearinthisissue
106
aDvaNceD aquatIcs:
Pickyourowncorals
by J. Charles Delbeek
110
aDvertIser INDex
112
reef lIfe
by Larry Tackett and Denise Nielsen Tackett
www.CoralMagazine-US
.com
LETTER
I
notes from
DANIEL KNOP
dies as a result, but as long as it remains alive it will sell
better. Perhaps it’s just as well that corals can’t speak; I
warrant that otherwise they would have a whole lot to
say on the subject. Anyone who regards this as in any
way tolerable disqualiies himself from any claim to be
a serious reef aquarist. However, we must be careful not
to throw out the baby with the bathwater. For example,
not every red
Tubastrea
is artiicially colored. I remem-
ber fabulous blood-red dendrophylliids that I have seen
and photographed while diving, for example at Okinawa
in southern Japan or on a number of Indonesian reefs.
There are in fact corals that quite naturally develop such
an attractive and extraordi-
nary coloration that Easter-egg
hues spring to mind. Hence the
aquarium enthusiast confronted
by gaudy corals in dealers’ tanks
should research the relevant
species and the possible color
morphs, to see if he can ind out
whether the coloration is natu-
ral or not. It’s all a question of
investigating the details.
If corals are being damaged
by ishes, here again we should
investigate the details and not
act precipitately. In Reefkeeping
101, Dr. Dieter Brockmann ad-
vises what can be done in such
situations. But before making a
decision, it is important to weigh
whether action is necessary at
all—in other words, whether or
not the ish is more interesting
than the corals. After all, observing complex behavior
is the whole point of aquarium keeping, and often the
damage to the corals is limited and tolerable—if it is to
create a spawning site, for example. If we have managed
to induce a ish species to breed in the aquarium, then
we should regard that as a compliment to our abilities as
aquarists, as the ishes will not contemplate reproduction
unless conditions are favorable. Reproduction normally
goes hand in hand with very interesting behavioral facets
such as courtship and pairing, and for this reason we
should not automatically condemn the ish in question
every time there is damage to our corals.
Happy reading!
t’s a pity that ishes can’t speak, a real pity. Other-
wise it is very likely that Tobies would express their
amazement that we humans sometimes wrack our
brains over the most banal questions—for example,
whether Tobies that exhibit only minimal differences
are distinct species, and on what basis multiple spe-
cies have been scientiically described, for example
Canthigaster solandri
,
C. papua
, and
C. bennetti
. Or
the question of whether or not we are perhaps deal-
ing with geographical variants of one and the same spe-
cies that have adapted to some degree to their particular
ecological circumstances. This question is virtually im-
possible to answer, as to do so would
require us to establish whether they
would mate with a member of an-
other form if a partner of their own
population were also available. What
happens under aquarium conditions
doesn’t count, as many species be-
have differently in captivity. Not just
coral ishes: under aquarium con-
ditions corals, even those of differ-
ent genera, will cross with one an-
other:
Sarcophyton
and
Lobophytum
have combined to create hybrids, as
reported by Dr. Kirsten Michalek-
Wagner (2004). The author for
her part compares this with a cross
between cat and dog. And unfor-
tunately the DNA sequencing so
popular nowadays, the study of the
“genetic library” in the body cells,
provides no unequivocal informa-
tion at species level—so genetic study
is no further help. First of all we must answer the fun-
damental question of whether or not visible or other
discernible differences between very similar ishes justify
the erection of several species. Many taxonomists believe
they are different species, and many behavioral research-
ers believe they are local variants. And Tobies probably
believe it really doesn’t matter at all.
There is no question about what is being done to liv-
ing corals in some quarters: they are immersed in Easter-
egg colors and left there until the pigments are deposited
in the tissues, turning the corals a brilliant color. (See
our web bonus article:
True Colors
,
www.coralmagazine-
us.com/content/true-colors)
In fact the pigments fre-
quently disrupt physiological processes and the coral
Koralle
Editor,
Daniel Knop
2
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