J. W. Roberts - A Grammar Of the Greek New Testament for Beginners 2004.pdf - Grecki - kuszaba

A Grammar

Of the Greek New Testament

For Beginners

J. W. Roberts, Ph. D.

Associate Professor of Bible

Abilene Christian College

The Extension Department

Abilene Christian College

1958

Republished by Donald Potter

CONTENTS

PART I Page

INTRODUCTION. PRONUNCIATION AND ORTHOGRAPHY

PART II: Lessons

Lesson 1. Conjugation of ω-verbs: Present Indicative Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Lesson 2. Declension of η-nouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Lesson 3. α-stems of the First Declension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Lesson 4. Prepositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Lesson 5. Contract (εω) Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Lesson 6. Declension of α-stems (Concluded), Masculines in –ης and –ας . . . . . . . . . 15

Lesson 7. The Passive Voice. Present Indicative Passive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Lesson 8. The Middle Voice. Present Indicative Middle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Lesson 9. Second (ο) Declension. Nouns in –ας ; Verbs in οω . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Lesson 10 Second Declension. Neuter Stems in ο; Verbs in οω . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Lesson 11 Adjectives of the Vowel Declension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Lesson 12 Regular Verbs in –µι . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Lesson 13 Conjugation of εἰµί. The Personal Pronoun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Lesson 14. Imperfect Indicative Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Lesson 15. Imperfect Indicative Middle-Passive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Lesson 16. The Demonstratives. Reflexive Pronouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Lesson 17. Deponent (Defective) Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Lesson 18. The Future Tense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Lesson 19. The Future Tense (Continued) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Lesson 20. The Aorist Tense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Lesson 21. The Second Aorist Tense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Lesson 22. The Aorist Tense (Continued) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Lesson 23. Perfect Active Indicative Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Lesson 24. The Perfect Active (Continued) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Lesson 25. The Pluperfect Tense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Lesson 26. The Perfect Indicative Middle and Passive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Lesson 27. The Aorist Passive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Lesson 28. The Future Passive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Lesson 29. The Principal Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 30. The Third Declension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 31. Liquid Nouns of the Third Declension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 32. The Relative Pronoun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 33. Mute Stems of the Third Declension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 34. Third Declension Stems in –οντ. The Active Participle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 35. Sibilent Stems (-ες) of the Third Declension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 36. The Middle and Passive Participles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 38. The Aorist Passive Participle. Syncopated Stems of the 3 rd Declension . .

Lesson 39. The Subjunctive Mood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 37. The Genitive Absolute. Supplementary Participle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CONTENTS

Lesson

Page

Lesson 40. The First Aorist Subjunctive. Vowel Stems of the 3 rd Declension . . . . . . .

Lesson 41. Second Aorist Subjunctive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 42. Conditional Sentences: Logical and Unreal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 43. Conditional Sentences: Anticipatory. Indefinite and Interrogative Pronouns .

Lesson 44. The Imperative Mood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 45. Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 46. Comparison of Adjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 47. Irregular Comparison of Adjectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 48. The Optative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson 49. The Periphrastic Tenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Grammatical Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vocabulary (English – Greek) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vocabulary (Greek – English) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Introduction

Pronunciation and Orthography

a. The Greek Alphabet . The Greek Alphabet is made up of twenty-four letters.

Many of them are like their English and Latin counterparts, both in form and sound. Those which are not

may be easily learned with practice. The following material aims at approaching the problem of

learning the alphabet though what the average person already knows of words derived from Greek. As

nearly as possible, English derivatives with the same pronunciation as their Greek originals have been

selected to illustrate the sounds.

There are two types of Greek letters: capitals, called Uncials, and small letters, called Cursives:

English: a b g d e z ē th i k l m n x o p r s s t u ph ch ps ō

Most Greek texts and lexicons use the small letters, except for beginning proper names. The student

should learn the cursives only at first.

B. Pronunciation . The following paragraphs are to aid the student in learning the proper

pronunciation. A few preliminary things must be given which will be given in greater detail later:

Accents: There are three accents—acute, (΄), grave (‘), and circumflex ( ̃ ). There is no difference

among them. Like our English accents in a dictionary, they merely indicate the stress syllable.

Breathings: All vowels or diphthongs which begin a Greek word must have either a smooth (

) or

) breathing. The smooth breathing does not affect pronunciation; the rough gives the word an

h-sound at the beginning. Division of Syllables : There are as many syllables in a Greek word as there

are separate vowels or diphthongs. A single consonant between two vowels is pronounced with the

second vowel; e. g., ἀ-νά. A single consonant between two vowels is pronounced with the second

vowel; e. g., ἔρ-χοµαι. Double consonants are divided; e. g. τάσ-σω. Consonants which can begin a

word are pronounced with the following vowel; e. g. κύ-κλος. Compound words are divided where they

join; e. g. ἐκ-βάλλω.

b. The Alphabet . Learn the following, practice diligently:

α ἄλφα alpha (äl fä) - a as in f a ther

απόστολος (apostle) σκάνδαλον (scandal) δέκα (deca-)

ἄνθροπος (anthropos) ἀνάλυσις (analysis) ἐκκλησία (ecclesia)

δόγµα (dogma) σάββατον (sabbath) ψάλλω (Psallo)

Try: κατά ἀλλά ἀνά παρά ἀγαπάω ἀγάπη ἄγαµος ἀλαλάζω

β βῆτα beta (bā tä) b as in b all

βάπτισµα (baptism) βάρβαρος (barbarous) Βαρ-Ιησούς (Bar-Jesus)

βαπτιστής (Baptist) βίbλος (Bible) φοβία (phobia)

βαπτίζω (baptize) βλασφηµία (blasphemy) πρεσβύτερος (presbyter)

Try: βαρσαββᾶς βασιλεία βοάω βρέφος βρῶµα βελτίων

Cursives: α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ µ ν ξ ο π ρ σ (ς) τ υ φ χ ψ ω

Uncials: Α Β Γ ∆ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω

rough (

γ γάµµα γamma (gä mä) - g as in g o

συναγογή (synagogue) γνῶσις (gnosis)

γενεαλογία (genealogoy) δόγµα (dogma)

γλῶσσα (glossary) ἀγορά (agora, “market place”)

πραγµατία (pragmatic) λόγος (logos)

γένεσις (genesis) µάγος (magi, “wise men”)

Try: γῆ γε γάρ γαµέω γυµνάζω Γώγ γυνή γίγνοµαι

δ δέλτα delta (dél tä) - d as in d o

δέλτα (delta) δένδρον (dendron, “tree”)

δόγµα (dogma) καρδία (cardia, “heart”; cf. cardiac)

δέκα (deca-; decalogue) ἔξοδος (exodus)

δεσπότης (despot) δόξα (doxology, “praise”)

δέρµα (derma; epidermi) δύναµις (dynamic)

Try: διάδηµα δέ δεῖ δέρω δέω δή διά δίς δῶρον

ε ἐ ψιλόν epsilon (ép si lon) - e as in m e t

επίσκοπος ( episkopos , “bishop” ἔθνος (ethnos, “nation” cf. Ethnology)

ἐπιστολή (epistle) ἔθος (ethics)

ἕτερος (“other” cf. heterodoxy) θεός (theos, “God”)

ἐγώ (ego) πέτρος (Peter)

ἐκκλησία (ecclesia) περί (peri-, around)

Try: ἐλεέω ελπίζω ἐµός ἐµά ἐµόν δέησις ἐθέλω

ζ ζῆτα zeta (zā tä) - the ds as in fa ds ; ad ds

βαπτίζω (baptize) ζεύς (Zeus)

ῥαντίζω ( rantize , “sprinkle) ζώνη (zone “girdle”)

ζηλωτής (zealot) ζεῦγµα (“a yoke” cf. zeugma)

Try: ζητέω ζάω ζεβεδαῖος ζῆλος ζωγρέω Ζοροβάβελ

η ἤτα eta (ā tä) - e as in th ey , pr ey , wh ey

ἀκµή (acme) ἀµήν (amen)

αθλητής (athlete) δηνάριον (denarius)

ζωή (zoo)

Try: δή διαθήκη ἤ ἡγέοµαι ἡγεµονία ἡµέρα ἤπερ ἔτη ἦ

J. W. Roberts - A Grammar Of the Greek New Testament for Beginners 2004.pdf

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika: