Unix Backup and Recovery - Preston_ W. Curtis.pdf - Unix Backup and Recovery (956) - superktos86

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Unix Backup and Recovery

W. Curtis Preston

Beijing • Cambridge • Farnham • Köln • Paris • Sebastopol • Taipei • Tokyo

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Disclaimer:

This netLibrary eBook does not include data from the CD-ROM that was part of the original hard copy book.

Unix Backup and Recovery

by W. Curtis Preston

Printed in the United States of America.

Published by O'Reilly & Associates, Inc., 101 Morris Street, Sebastopol, CA 95472.

Editor: Gigi Estabrook

Production Editor: Clairemarie Fisher O'Leary

Printing History:

November 1999: First Edition.

Nutshell Handbook, the Nutshell Handbook logo, and the O'Reilly logo are registered trademarks of O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. Many of the designations used by

manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. was

aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps. The association between the image of an Indian gavial and the topic of Unix

backup and recovery is a trademark of O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.

While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from

the use of the information contained herein.

This book is printed on acid-free paper with 85% recycled content, 15% post-consumer waste. O'Reilly & Associates is committed to using paper with the highest

recycled content available consistent with high quality.

ISBN: 1-56592-642-0

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This book is dedicated to my lovely wife

Celynn, my beautiful daughters Nina and

Marissa, and to God, for continuing to bless

my life with gifts such as these.

-W. Curtis Preston

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface

xiii

I. Introduction

1. Preparing for the Worst

My Dad Was Right

Developing a Disaster Recovery Plan

Step 1: Define (Un)acceptable Loss

Step 2: Back Up Everything

Step 3: Organize Everything

Step 4: Protect Against Disasters

Step 5: Document What You Have Done

Step 6: Test, Test, Test

Put It All Together

2. Backing It All Up

Don't Skip This Chapter!

Why Should You Read This Book?

How Serious Is Your Company About Backups?

You Can Find a Balance

Deciding What to Back Up

Deciding When to Back Up

Deciding How to Back Up

Storing Your Backups

Testing Your Backups

Monitoring Your Backups

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Following Proper Development Procedures

Unrelated Miscellanea

Good Luck

II. Freely Available Filesystem Backup & Recovery Utilities

3. Native Backup & Recovery Utilities

An Overview

Backing Up with the dump Utility

Restoring with the restore Utility

Limitations of dump and restore

101

Features to Check For

102

Backing Up and Restoring with the cpio Utility

103

Backing Up and Restoring with the tar Utility

114

Backing Up and Restoring with the dd Utility

122

Comparing tar, cpio, and dump

127

How Do I Read This Volume?

129

4. Free Backup Utilities

141

The hostdump.sh Utility

141

The infback.sh, oraback.sh, and syback.sh Utilities

142

A Really Fast tar Utility: star

142

Recording Configuration Data: The SysAudit Utility

143

Displaying Host Information: The SysInfo Utility

144

Performing Remote Detections: The queso Utility

144

Mapping Your Network: The nmap Utility

145

AMANDA

146

III. Commercial Filesystem Backup & Recovery Utilities

185

5. Commercial Backup Utilities

187

What to Look For

188

Full Support of Your Platforms

189

Backup of Raw Partitions

191

Backup of Very Large Filesystems and Files

192

Simultaneous Backup of Many Clients to One Drive

192

Simultaneous Backup of One Client to Many Drives

196

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Data Requiring Special Treatment

202

Storage Management Features

205

Reduction in Network Traffic

208

Support of a Standard or Custom Backup Format

216

Ease of Administration

219

Security

222

Ease of Recovery

223

Protection of the Backup Index

225

Robustness

227

Automation

227

Volume Verification

228

Cost

229

Vendor

230

Conclusions

231

6. High Availability

232

What Is High Availability?

232

HA Building Blocks

238

Commercial HA Solutions

243

The Impact of an HA Solution

245

IV. Bare-Metal Backup & Recovery Methods

247

7. SunOS/Solaris

249

What About Fire?

250

Homegrown Bare-Metal Recovery

251

Recovering a SunOS/Solaris System

256

8. Linux

270

How It Works

270

A Sample Bare-Metal Recovery

275

9. Compaq True-64 Unix

282

Compaq's btcreate Utility

283

Homegrown Bare-Metal Recovery

284

10. HP-UX

290

HP's make_recovery Utility

291

The copyutil Utility

295

Using dump and restore

299

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11. IRIX

306

SGI's Backup and Restore Utilities

307

System Recovery with Backup Tape

310

Homegrown Bare-Metal Recovery

315

12. AIX

323

IBM's mksysb Utility

324

IBM's Sysback/6000 Utility

330

System Cloning

337

V. Database Backup & Recovery

339

13. Backing Up Databases

341

Can It Be Done?

342

Confusion: The Mysteries of Database Architecture

343

The Muck Stops Here: Databases in Plain English

344

What's the Big Deal?

345

Database Structure

346

An Overview of a Page Change

360

What Can Happen to an RDBMS?

361

Backing Up an RDBMS

363

Restoring an RDBMS

370

Documentation and Testing

374

Unique Database Requirements

375

14. Informix Backup & Recovery

376

Informix Architecture

377

Automating Informix Startup: The dbstart.informix.sh Script

387

Protect the Physical Log, Logical Log, and sysmaster

392

Which Backup Utility Should I Use?

400

Physical Backups Without a Storage Manager: ontape

403

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