Subject Positions and Interfaces - The Case of European Portuguese.pdf

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Subject Positions and Interfaces: The Case of European Portuguese
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Studies in Generative Grammar 73
Editors
Jan Koster
Harry van der Hulst
Henk van Riemsdijk
Mouton de Gruyter
Berlin · New York
Subject Positions and Interfaces:
The Case of European Portuguese
by
Jo˜ o Costa
Mouton de Gruyter
Berlin · New York
Mouton de Gruyter (formerly Mouton, The Hague)
is a Division of Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin.
The series Studies in Generative Grammar was formerly published by
Foris Publications Holland.
Printed on acid-free paper which falls within the guidelines
of the ANSI to ensure permanence and durability.
ISBN 3-11-018112-6
Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek
Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie;
detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at
http://dnb.ddb.de
.
Copyright 2004 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, D-10785 Berlin.
All rights reserved, including those of translation into foreign languages. No part of this
book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission
in writing from the publisher.
Cover design: Christopher Schneider, Berlin.
Printed in Germany.
Contents
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1. Preview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2. Grammar model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3. Assumptions on V-movement and adverbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2. Preverbal subjects: Spec,IP or left-dislocated? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
A. Multiple preposing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
B. Unstressed negative QPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
C. No minimality effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
D. Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
E. Unmarkedness of SVO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
F. Raising constructions and definiteness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
G. Pronominal doubling contextually limited (Costa 2000) . . . . . . 18
H. Subject positions in C-less if-clauses (Costa and Galves 2002) . . 19
I.
3. Postverbal subjects: syntax and discourse –
VSO and VOS orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.1. Post-verbal subjects in VSO context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.2. Postverbal subjects in VOS contexts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.3. Objects in VOS: Scrambling in European Portuguese . . . . . . . . 35
4. Inversion and information structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
4.1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
4.2. Focus-movement? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
4.3. Word order and focus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
4.4. Mapping syntax-discourse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
4.5. No focus-movement in Portuguese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
4.6. Phases, locality and subjects in Spec, VP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
4.7. Related evidence: agreement in copular constructions . . . . . . . 100
4.8. Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Preverbal and postverbal pronominal doubling . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

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