Hearn - Mechanics of Materials Vol. 1 3e (Butterworth, 1997).pdf - PHYSICS - sigebryht

MECHANICS OF

MATERIALS I

An Introduction to the Mechanics of Elastic and

Plastic Deformation of Solids and Structural Materials

THIRD EDITION

E. J. HEARN

Ph.D., B.Sc. (Eng.) Hons., C.Eng.,F.I.Mech.E.,F.I.Prod.E.,F.1.Diag.E.

University of Warwick

United Kingdom

EINEMANN

OXFORD AUCKLAND BOSTON JOHANNESBURG MELBOURNE NEW DELHI

Butterworth-Heinemann

Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP

225 Wildwood Avenue, Woburn, MA 01801-2041

A division of Reed Educational and Professional Publishing Ltd

-@A

member of the Reed Elsevier plc group

First published 1977

Reprinted with corrections 1980, 1981, 1982

Second edition 1985

Reprinted with corrections 1988

Reprinted 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996

Third edition 1997

Reprinted 1998, 1999,2000

0 E. J. Hearn 1977, 1985, 1997

may be reproduced in any material form (including

photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic

means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to

some other use of this publication) without the written

permission of the copyright holder except in accordance

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Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued

by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham

Court Road, London, England WIP 9HE.

Applications for the copyright holder's written

permission to reproduce any part of this publication

should be addressed

to the publishers

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN 0 7506 3265 8

Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data

Hearn, E. J. (Edwin John)

Mechanics of materials 1: an introduction to the mecahnics of elastic and plastic deformation of

solids and structural components/E. J. Hearn. - 3rd ed.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0 7506 3265 8

1. Strength of materials. I. Title

TA405.H3

96-49967

620.1'23-dc21

CIP

Printed and bound in Great Britain by Scotprint, Musselburgh

FOR EVERY TITLGTHAT WE PUBLISH. BU176RWORTHdlEINEMANN

PAY FUR BTCV TO PLANT AND CARE FOR A TREE.

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INTRODUCTION

This text is the suitably revised and extended third edition of the highly successful text

initially published in 1977 and intended to cover the material normally contained in degree

and honours degree courses in mechanics of materials and in courses leading to exemption

from the academic requirements of the EngineeringCouncil. It should also serve as a valuable

reference medium for industry and for post-graduate courses. Published in two volumes, the

text should also prove valuable for students studying mechanical science, stress analysis, solid

mechanics or similar modules on Higher Certificate and Higher Diploma courses in the UK

or overseas and for appropriate NVQ* programmes.

The study of mechanics of materials is the study of the behaviour of solid bodies under

load. The way in which they react to applied forces, the deflections resulting and the stresses

and strains set up within the bodies, are all considered in an attempt to provide sufficient

knowledge to enable any component to be designed such that it will not fail within its service

life. Typical components considered in detail in this volume include beams, shafts, cylinders,

struts, diaphragms and springs and, in most simple loading cases, theoretical expressions are

derived to cover the mechanical behaviour of these components. Because of the reliance of

such expressionson certain basic assumptions, the text also includes a chapter devoted to the

important experimental stress and strain measurement techniques in use today with recom-

mendations for further reading.

Each chapter of the text contains a summary of essential formulae which are developed

within the chapter and a large number of worked examples. The examples have been selected

to provide progression in terms of complexity of problem and to illustrate the logical way in

which the solution to a difficult problem can be developed. Graphical solutions have been

introduced where appropriate. In order to provide clarity of working in the worked examples

there is inevitably more detailed explanation of individual steps than would be expected in the

model answer to an examination problem.

All chapters (with the exception of Chapter 16)conclude with an extensive list of problems

for solution of students together with answers. These have been collected from various

sources and include questions from past examination papers in imperial units which have

been converted to the equivalent SI values. Each problem is graded according to its degree of

difficulty as follows:

A Relatively easy problem of an introductory nature.

A/B Generally suitable for first-year studies.

B Generally suitable for second or third-year studies.

C More difficult problems generally suitable for third year studies.

*National Vocational Qualifications

xvi

Introduction

Gratitude is expressed to the following examination boards, universities and colleges who

have kindly given permission for questions to be reproduced:

City University

East Midland Educational Union

Engineering Institutions Examination

Institution of Mechanical Engineers

Institution of Structural Engineers

Union of Educational Institutions

Union of Lancashire and Cheshire Institues

University of Birmingham

University of London

C.U.

E.M.E.U.

E.I.E. and C.E.I.

1.Mech.E.

1.Struct.E.

U.E.I.

U.L.C.I.

U.Birm.

U.L.

Both volumes of the text together contain 150 worked examples and more than 500

problems for solution, and whilst it is hoped that no errors are present it is perhaps inevitable

that some errors will be detected. In this event any comment, criticism or correction will be

gratefully acknowledged.

The symbols and abbreviations throughout the text are in accordance with the latest

recommendations of BS 1991 and PD 5686t.

As mentioned above, graphical methods of solution have been introduced where appro-

priate since it is the author’s experience that these are more readily accepted and understood

by students than some of the more involved analytical procedures; substantial time saving

can also result. Extensive use has also been made of diagrams throughout the text since in the

words of the old adage “a single diagram is worth 1000 words”.

Finally, the author is indebted to all those who have assisted in the production of this

volume; to Professor H. G. Hopkins, Mr R. Brettell, Mr R. J. Phelps for their work asso-

ciated with the first edition and to Dr A. S. Tooth’, Dr N. Walke?, Mr R. Winters2for their

contributions to the second edition and to Dr M. Daniels for the extended treatment of the

Finite Element Method which is the major change in this third edition. Thanks also go to the

publishers for their advice and assistance, especially in the preparation of the diagrams and

editing, to Dr. C. C. Perry (USA) for his most valuable critique of the first edition, and to Mrs

J. Beard and Miss S. Benzing for typing the manuscript.

E. J. HEARN

t Relevant Standards for use in Great Britain: BS 1991; PD 5686 Other useful SI Guides: The Infernational

System of Units, N.P.L. Ministry of Technology, H.M.S.O. (Britain). Mechty, The International System of Units

(Physical Constants and Conversion Factors), NASA, No SP-7012, 3rd edn. 1973 (U.S.A.) Metric Practice

Guide, A.S.T.M. Standard E380-72 (U.S.A.).

1. $23.27.

2. $26.

3. $24.4

Dr. A. S. Tooth, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow.

D. N. Walker and Mr. R. Winters, City of Birmingham Polytechnic.

Dr M. M. Daniels, University of Central England.

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