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Scott Foresman Science, Grade 3, Leveled Reader
Genre
Comprehension Skill
Text Features
Science Content
Nonfi ction Draw Conclusions
• Captions
• Call Outs
• Labels
• Glossary
Plants and
Animals
Scott Foresman Science 3.4
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ISBN 0-328-13819-3
Vocabulary
Extended Vocabulary
carnivore
competition
consumer
decay
decomposer
disease
germs
herbivore
omnivore
predator
prey
producer
down
elliptical
incubate
pellet
posture
sockets
talons
wake
by Kara Race-Moore
Picture Credits
Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material.
The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions.
Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R), Background (Bkgd).
6 Gerry Ellis/Minden Pictures; 9 © Kim Taylor/DK Images; 16 (B) Jerry Young/DK Images;
13 Eric and David Hosking/Corbis; 14 Eric and David Hosking/Corbis.
Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the copyright © of Dorling Kindersley, a division of Pearson.
ISBN: 0-328-13819-3
Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America.
This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any
prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to
Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025.
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05
What You Already Know
Living things interact to get energy. All living
things need energy to live and grow. Producers
are living things that can use the Sun to make
their own energy. Consumers eat producers
or other consumers in order to get energy.
Herbivores are consumers that only eat
plants. Carnivores are consumers that only
eat animals. Consumers that get eaten by
predators become the prey of those predators.
Some carnivores can also be prey.
Omnivores eat both plants
and animals.
Food chains are made up
of producers and consumers
interacting and passing on energy.
When a consumer eats a producer, it gets that
producer’s energy. Later on, that consumer
may become prey to another consumer. Two
consumers are in competition when they are
both trying to get the same resources.
The food chain continues when a living thing
dies and decays. Decomposers, such as mushrooms,
break down dead plants and animals, along with
waste. Decomposers help prevent the spread of
germs and disease by removing waste.
Owls are birds. They have their own special ways
to fi nd food, make shelter for themselves, stay safe
from other animals, and more. Keep reading to fi nd
out everything there is to know about owls!
Owls are
carnivores.
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3
Owl Life
Owls can be found all
over the world. Most
sleep during the day,
which makes it difficult
for people to spot them.
Owls are unique birds with many special
adaptations. All owls have similar features in
common. They have large, forward facing eyes,
a rounded head, short tail, and stiff, upright
posture. Owls are able to fl y quietly with their
large wings.
Owls have also adapted in ways that help them
survive in different habitats. Owls can be found
in many different places in the world, including
deserts and the polar tundra.
There are over two hundred species of owls.
They range in size from the tiny elf owl, which is
about the same size as a sparrow, to the eagle owl,
which can have a wingspan of six feet. Even with
so many owls, it is rare for people to see them.
This is because most owls are active only at night.
Owls have undergone many adaptations that
have made them excellent predators. The two
most important adaptations are probably their
great hearing and eyesight. Even though owls can
see very well at night, they usually rely on their
hearing to fi nd their prey.
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Owl Habitats
Owls live all over the world in many different
habitats. Tawny owls, like most kinds of owls,
live in forests. They make their nests in tree
hollows and come out at night to hunt. During
the day tawny owls sleep on tree branches. This
is in contrast to many other birds that are
active during the day. Arctic owls, also called
snowy owls, live on the Arctic tundra. They
make nests on the ground. To withstand the
cold, snowy owls have a dense covering of
feathers. They even have feathers on their toes!
The tawny owl
swoops down
from tall trees
to hunt its prey.
Snowy owls have
white feathers with
black specks.
Burrowing owls live in the
grasslands and prairies where
there is open ground. They
make their nests in the
abandoned burrows of animals
such as woodchucks, skunks,
and prairie dogs. Unlike most
types of owls, burrowing owls
will often come outside during
the day. They hunt and eat insects
as well as prairie rodents.
Burrowing owls
use their long
legs to walk on
the prairies.
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