Common Lisp - A Gentle Introduction To Symbolic Computation - David S. Touretzky.pdf - Najnowsze ksiazki(14) - walbo48

COMMON LISP:

A Gentle Introduction

to Symbolic Computation

COMMON LISP:

A Gentle Introduction

to Symbolic Computation

David S. Touretzky

Carnegie Mellon University

The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company,Inc.

Redwood City, California

Fort Collins, Colorado

Menlo Park, California

Reading, Massachusetts

New York

Don Mill, Ontario

Workingham, U.K.

Amsterdam

Bonn

Sydney

Singapore

Tokyo

Madrid

San Juan

Sponsoring Editor: Alan Apt

Developmental Editor: Mark McCormick

Production Coordinator: John Walker

Copy Editor: Steven Sorenson

Text and Cover Designer: Michael Rogondino

Cover image selected by David S. Touretzky

Cover: La Grande Vitesse, sculpture by Alexander Calder

Published by The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc.

This document may be redistributed in hardcopy form only, and only for

educational purposes at no charge to the recipient. Redistribution in

electronic form, such as on a web page or CD-ROM disk, is prohibited.

All other rights are reserved. Any other use of this material is prohibited

without the written permission of the copyright holder.

The programs presented in this book have been included for their

instructional value. They have been tested with care but are not

guaranteed for any particular purpose. The publisher does not offer any

warranties or representations, nor does it accept any liabilities with

respect to the programs.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Touretzky, David S.

Common LISP : a gentle introduction to symbolic computation /

David S. Touretzky

p. cm.

Includes index.

ISBN 0-8053-0492-4

1. COMMON LISP (Computer program language) I. Title.

QA76.73.C28T68 1989

005.13’3 – dc20

89-15180

CIP

ISBN 0-8053-0492-4

ABCDEFGHIJK - DO - 8932109

The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc.

390 Bridge Parkway

Redwood City, California 94065

To Phil and Anne

Preface

This book is about learning to program in Lisp. Although widely known as

the principal language of artificial intelligence research—one of the most

advanced areas of computer science—Lisp is an excellent language for

beginners. It is increasingly the language of choice in introductory

programming courses due to its friendly, interactive environment, rich data

structures, and powerful software tools that even a novice can master in short

order.

When I wrote the book I had three types of reader in mind. I would like to

address each in turn.

Students taking their first programming course. The student could

be from any discipline, from computer science to the humanities.

For you, let me stress the word gentle in the title. I assume no

prior mathematical background beyond arithmetic. Even if you

don’t like math, you may find you enjoy computer programming.

I’ve avoided technical jargon, and there are lots of examples. Also

you will find plenty of exercises interspersed with the text, and the

answers to all of them are included in Appendix C.

Psychologists, linguists, computer scientists, and other persons

interested in Artificial Intelligence. As you begin your inquiry into

AI, you will see that almost all research in this field is carried out

in Lisp. Most Lisp texts are written exclusively for computer

science majors, but I have gone to great effort to make this book

accessible to everyone. It can be your doorway to the technical

literature of AI, as well as a quick introduction to its central tool.

Computer hobbyists. Prior to about 1984, the Lisps available on

personal computers weren’t very good due to the small memories

of the early machines. Today’s personal computers often come

with several megabytes of RAM and a hard disk as standard

vii

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