1995. Reading Medieval Latin.pdf

ISBN Q-521-44747-X

MBRIDGE

UNIVERSITY PRESS

US211tL

Contents

Published by the Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge

The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1 RP

40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA

10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia

List of maps and plans

Prface

List cif sources

List f abbreviations

page vu

xvu

Introduction

First published 1995

Reprinted 1996 (twice)

Part One The foundations of Christian Latin

5 7

Printed in Great Britain at the University Press, Cambridge

Section 1: Education

Section 2: Liturgy and Divine Oice

Section 3: The Bible

Section 4: The Church Fathers

Section 5: The new Christian genres

A catalogue record f or th i s bo ok is avai l able f rom the B riti sh L ibrar y

Library f Congress cataloguing in publication data

Sidwell, Keith C.

Reading medieval Latin / Keith Sidwell

p. cm.

ISBN 0521 44239 7 (hardback) ISBN 0521 44747 X (p aper back )

1. Latin language, Medieval and modern - Readers. 2. Latin langu age,

Medieval and modern - Grammar. I. Title.

PA2825.S53 1995 95 - 10864

477 - dc20 CIP

Part Two Early Medieval Latin

116

133

151

Section 6: Hiberno-Latin

Section 7: Anglo-Latin

Section 8: Continental Latin

Section 9: The Carolingian Renaissance

Section 10: The Ottonian Renaissance

ISBN 0 521 44239 7 hardback

ISBN 0 521 44747 X paperback

Part Three From the end of the Ottonian Renaissance (1002)

to the Concordat of Worms (1122)

173

175

192

218

230

243

LTL

Section 11: The Norman Conquest

Section 12: The 'investiture contest'

Section 13: The First Crusade

Section 14: Philosophy and theology

Section 15: Poetry

Contens

Pat Four The twefth-centuy Renaissance

Secion 16: The schools and the scholastic method

Section 17: The religious life

Section 18: Theology and philosophy

Section 19: Historical wriing

Section 20: Court literature

253

255

268

296

310

332

M ap s an d p lans

Gramar

Orthography

Note on vocabulary

Vocabulary

362

373

376

378

Names of some monasteries and sees mentioned in texts and introducions

will be found on maps 2, 3 and 4. For a general orientation in the political

geography of the Middle Ages, see C. McEvedy, he Penguin Atlas of

Medieval History, Harmondsworth, 1961. For further geographical details of

the spread of Christianity, see F. van der Meer and Chrisine Mohrmann,

Atlas f the Early Christian World, London, 1958 and Atlas zur Kirchen

geschichte, ed. H. Jedin, K. S. Latourette and]. Martin, revised]. Martin,

Fribourg/Basle/RomelVienna, 1988.

1. Constantine's buildings on Golgotha in Jerusalem in the time of Egeria

(from]. Wilkinson, Egeria's Traves, London, 1971, p. 45) page 25

2. The Westen Church in 1001 and the reforming monasteries (based on

Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte map 32)

68-9

3. The Church in Ireland c.800 (based on Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte map

19)

4. The Church in Great Britain c.800 (based on Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte

map 19)

94-5

5. The route ofWillibald and Wynnebald (section 7.4)

112

6. The battle of Hastings (rom C. Morton and H. Muntz, he Cannen

de Hastingae Proelio of Guy, Bishop f Amiens, Oford, 1972, pp. 11 -

11)

178-9

7. The route of the crusaders rom Durazzo to the Holy Land (ater R. Hill,

Gesta Francorum, London, 1962, maps on pp. xviii, xx, xv ) 22D-l

8. The siege of Antioch (after R. Hill, Gesta Francorum, London, 1962,

p. xxii)

224

9. The murder of Thomas Becket (from Frank Balow, homas Becket,

London, 1986, p. x)

311

Note on cover illustration

Miniature rom a handmade vellum facsimile of a twelth-century MS of

the Sciuias of Hildegard of Bingen produced between 1927 and 1933 by

Vlll List f maps and plans

the Benedictine nuns of the Abbey of St Hildegard at Eibingen. The

oriinal Wiesbaden, Hessische Landesbibliothek, Hs. 1), lost since 1945,

was probably the work of monks rom Trier working at Rupertsberg under

Hildegard's direction. See p. 289 for the text which it illustrates.

Preface

Verum quia haec tam copiosa...sunt...ut uix nisi a locupletioribus tot

uolumina adquiri, uix tan prounda nisi ab eruditioribus ualeant

perscrutari, placuit uestrae sanctitati id nobis oicii iniungere ut de

omnibus his, uelut de amoenissimis late lorentis paradisi campis, quae

infirmorum uiderentur necessitati suice re decerperemus.

But since these are so numerous that only the rich could buy so many

volumes and so deep that they could only be read by the more advanced

scholas, your holiness has decided to enjoin upon me the task of excerping

rom ll of these, as thouh rom the loveliest meadows of an expansively

flowering garden, what seemed to serve the purposes of the weak.

Bede, rafatio ad Acam Episcopum to In Genesim (CC 118A, p. 1)

This volume uls a promise made to users of Reading Latin as long ago as

1986 (Text, p. vii). Those who care to look up that passage and compare

what is ofered here will see that in the years which have elapsed since the

pledge was made, the author has changed his mind about the plan.

Nonetheless, the idea of a Latin course which would take beginners rom

Classical Lain through to the Middle Ages is now a reality. The need for

such a course to serve the English-speaking world is certainly greater even

than it was when Reading atin was published. Fewer and fewer students

arrive at the univesity with as much as a year or two of Latin under their

belt and many can now graduate, even in medieval history, without having

to acquire a working knowledge of the language. This has led to the need

for crash courses as late as MA level. The requirement here and at earlier

stages to get on with the primary aim as quickly as possible has led to a

tendency to misrepresent Medieval Lain as something without roots in and

relation to Classical Latin. It cannot be stated stronly enough that Latin is

Latin. It retained its identity throughout the period when it was the main

medium for the transmission of intellectual culture. Medieval writers

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