Antonio Negri - Marx Beyond Marx; Lessons on the Grundrisse (1989).pdf - Z Archiwum IPN - martiness

Antonio Negri

MARX BEYOND MARX

Lessons on the Grundrisse

Translated by Harry Cleaver!

Michael Ryan and Maurizio Viano

Edited byJim Fleming

;

Published in the United States by

Autonomedia

55 South Eleventh Sreet

POB 568 Williamsburgh Station

Brooklyn, New York 11211-0568 USA

Published in the United Kingdom by

Pluto Press

345 Archway Road

London N6 5AA England

Printed in the United States of America

Library of Congres Cataloging in Publication Data

Negri, Antonio, 1933-

Marx Beyond Marx.

Translation of Marx oltre Marx.

Bibliography: p.

Includes index.

1. Max, Karl, 1818-1883. Grundrisse der Kritik der politischen Okonoie. 2.

Marxian economics. I. Fleming, Jim. II. Title.

HB97.5 M3319 N4313 1984 335.4'12 84-302

ISBN 0-89789-018-3

ISBN -936756-25-X pbk

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

Negri, Antonio

Mrx Beyond Marx: Lessons on the Grundrisse. I. Title. II. Fleming, Jim.

335.401

ISBN 0-7453-0575-X

ISBN 0-7453-0576-8 pbk

Originally published in French by hristian Bourgois, Editeur, Pis, France and

in Italian by Feltrinelli, Milan, Italy. Hardcover English edition published 1984

by Bergin & Grvey Publishers, Inc., Souh Hadley, Massachusetts.

Contents

Editor's Prefaces .......................................................................... vii

Author's Prefaces ........................................................................ xiv

Translators' Introductions

Part I Hary Cleaver ............. . ......... . ..... . ..... . . . ....... . ........ xix

Part II Michael Ryan . ...... . .. .. ........... .. ..... . ... .. ........ . ..... xxviii

Part III Maurizio Viano ....... . .. .. ........... . ........ . .... . .. . ....... xxxi

Lesson One The Grundrisse, an Open Work ........... . .............. . ..... 1

Lesson Two Money & Value ....................................................... 21

Lesson Three The Method of the Anagonistic Tendency ..... . .... 41

Lesson Four Suplus Value & Exploitation ........ . ...... . . . .............. 59

Lesson Five Proit, Crisis, Catasrophe ........ . .. . .................. . . . ..... . 85

Lesson Six Social Capital & World Market .................... � .. . ..... . 105

Lesson Seven The Theory ofthe Wage & Its Developments . . .. 127

Lesson Eight Communism & Transition .......... . .. . .... . . . ......... .. ... 151

Lesson Nine Capitalist Development & Revolutionry Class .. 171

Epilogue Michael Ryan ..... . . . . . ..... . ... . ...... .. ........... . .... . ...... . . . ....... 191

Bibliography Hary Cleaver, Jim Fleming, Conrad Herold .... 222

Index .......................................................................................... 243

Edito's Preface

This is an English translation of one of the most crucial documents in

European Marxism since . . . well, since maybe ever. The work of Antonio

Negri, as part of the variegated movement on the Italian left known most

easily as Autonomia, brings to realization an overwhelming new set of pos

sibilities in the theory and practice of class struggle. No political movement

in the world in the 1970's opened up more revolutionary potential for

liberation than the Italian Autonomia, and no expressions of its history exceed

Negri's in transformative power and conceptual brilliance. This book, as

nearly all of Negri's works, is intellectually demanding and often feels, to

the casual reader, hermetic, precious and obscure. Partly, this is due to a

set of counter-terms-precise and exact, but novel-that the "experienced"

Maxist reader will ind transgressive but revelatory. Partly, too, the difi

culty of the book can be located in Negri's understanding of and respect for

the political eficacy of language itself, an insight and attitude which may

be the most common heritage of the post-war waves of structuralism,

semiotics, and their antecedents. But partly this struggle-to-read induced

by Negri is something like a process that might be called-in a metaphor

of simultaneous separation and coherenc-"conversion." The change

overturning, reversal, supersession, inversion-makes all the diference. But

according to Negri, what's "beyond" is still, or inally, just Marx.

This book is the product of a series of seminars given by Negri in the

spring of 1978 at the E cole Normale Superieure at the invitation of Louis

Althusser. More about this can be read in the author's own Preace to the

original edition, which t ollows this Preface, along with Negri's later note

(written from prison) to the American reader. The translation into English

from the 1979 French and Italian editions was accomplished by Harry

Cleaver, Michael Ryan, and Maurizio Viano. Each of them has written

something for the reader of this volume. Harry Cleaver has aimed primarily

at the militant and activist audience, and helps to point out the immediate

and direct political consequences of Negri's work for present currents in the

U.S. movement. Michael Ryan, in a broad summary of Negri's other work,

ofers a theoretical and historical context for Autonomia, particularly for

readers previously unexposed to this tendency. Maurizio Viano provides a

Vll

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