OpenGL Programming Guide for Mac OS X

Graphics&Animation:3DDrawing

2011-06-06

AppleInc.

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Contents

Introduction About OpenGL for Mac OS X 13

AtaGlance 13

OpenGLIsaC-based,Platform-NeutralAPI 14

DifferentRenderingDestinationsRequireDifferentSetupCommands 14

OpenGLonMacsExistsinaHeterogenousEnvironment 14

OpenGLHelpsApplicationsHarnessthePowerofGraphicsProcessors 14

ConcurrencyinOpenGLApplicationsRequiresAdditionalEffort 15

PerformanceTuningAllowsYourApplicationtoProvideanExceptionalUserExperience 15

HowtoUseThisDocument 15

Prerequisites 16

SeeAlso 16

Chapter1 OpenGLontheMacPlatform 19

OpenGLConcepts 19

OpenGLImplementsaClient-ServerModel 20

OpenGLCommandsCanBeExecutedAsynchronously 20

OpenGLCommandsAreExecutedInOrder 21

OpenGLCopiesClientDataatCall-Time 21

OpenGLReliesonPlatform-SpecificLibrariesForCriticalFunctionality 21

OpenGLinMacOSX 21

AccessingOpenGLWithinYourApplication 23

OpenGLAPIsSpecifictoMacOSX 23

Apple-ImplementedOpenGLLibraries 24

Terminology 25

Renderer 25

RendererandBufferAttributes 25

PixelFormatObjects 25

OpenGLProfiles 26

RenderingContexts 26

DrawableObjects 26

VirtualScreens 27

OfflineRenderer 31

RunninganOpenGLPrograminMacOSX 31

MakingGreatOpenGLApplicationsontheMacintosh 32

Chapter2 DrawingtoaWindoworView 35

GeneralApproach 35

DrawingtoaCocoaView 36

DrawingtoanNSOpenGLViewClass:ATutorial 37

CONTENTS

DrawingOpenGLContenttoaCustomView 39

Chapter3 DrawingtotheFullScreen 43

CreatingaFull-ScreenApplication 43

Chapter4 DrawingOffscreen 45

RenderingtoaFramebufferObject 45

UsingaFramebufferObjectasaTexture 46

UsingaFramebufferObjectasanImage 49

RenderingtoaPixelBuffer 51

SettingUpaPixelBufferforOffscreenDrawing 51

UsingaPixelBufferasaTextureSource 52

RenderingtoaPixelBufferonaRemoteSystem 53

Chapter5 ChoosingRendererandBufferAttributes 55

OpenGLProfiles(MacOSXv10.7) 55

BufferSizeAttributeSelectionTips 56

EnsuringThatBackBufferContentsRemaintheSame 56

EnsuringaValidPixelFormatObject 57

EnsuringaSpecificTypeofRenderer 58

EnsuringaSingleRendererforaDisplay 58

AllowingOfflineRenderers 59

OpenCL 60

DeprecatedAttributes 60

Chapter6 WorkingwithRenderingContexts 63

UpdatetheRenderingContextWhentheRendererorGeometryChanges 63

TrackingRendererChanges 64

UpdatingaRenderingContextforaCustomCocoaView 64

ContextParametersAltertheContext’sBehavior 66

SwapIntervalAllowsanApplicationtoSynchronizeUpdatestotheScreenRefresh 66

SurfaceOpacitySpecifiesHowtheOpenGLSurfaceBlendswithSurfacesBehindIt 66

SurfaceDrawingOrderSpecifiesthePositionoftheOpenGLSurfaceRelativetotheWindow

DeterminingWhetherVertexandFragmentProcessingHappensontheGPU 67

ControllingtheBackBufferSize 68

SharingRenderingContextResources 69

Chapter7 DeterminingtheOpenGLCapabilitiesSupportedbytheRenderer 73

DetectingFunctionality 73

GuidelinesforCodeThatChecksforFunctionality 76

CONTENTS

OpenGLRendererImplementation-DependentValues 77

Chapter8 OpenGLApplicationDesignStrategies 79

VisualizingOpenGL 79

DesigningaHigh-PerformanceOpenGLApplication 81

UpdateOpenGLContentOnlyWhenYourDataChanges 83

SynchronizewiththeScreenRefreshRate 85

AvoidSynchronizingandFlushingOperations 85

UsingglFlushEffectively 86

AvoidQueryingOpenGLState 86

UseFencesforFiner-GrainedSynchronization 87

AllowOpenGLtoManageYourResources 88

UseDoubleBufferingtoAvoidResourceConflicts 88

BeMindfulofOpenGLStateVariables 90

ReplaceStateChangeswithOpenGLObjects 90

UseOptimalDataTypesandFormats 90

UseOpenGLMacros 91

Chapter9 BestPracticesforWorkingwithVertexData 93

UnderstandHowVertexDataFlowsThroughOpenGL 93

TechniquesforHandlingVertexData 95

VertexBuffers 96

UsingVertexBuffers 96

BufferUsageHints 98

FlushBufferRangeExtension 100

VertexArrayRangeExtension 100

VertexArrayObject 102

Chapter10 BestPracticesforWorkingwithTextureData 105

UsingExtensionstoImproveTexturePerformance 106

PixelBufferObjects 107

AppleClientStorage 110

AppleTextureRangeandRectangleTexture 110

CombiningClientStoragewithTextureRanges 112

OptimalDataFormatsandTypes 113

WorkingwithNon–Power-of-TwoTextures 113

CreatingTexturesfromImageData 115

CreatingaTexturefromaCocoaView 116

CreatingaTexturefromaQuartzImageSource 118

GettingDecompressedRawPixelDatafromaSourceImage 119

DownloadingTextureData 119

DoubleBufferingTextureData 120

OpenGL Programming Guide for Mac OS X - Apple (2011).pdf

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