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Building a self-contained

auto-conguring Linux system

on an iso9660 lesystem

or

”Making Linux run from CD”

Klaus Knopper

knoppix@knopper.net

V1.4 – October 4, 2000

Abstract

Knoppix (Knopper’s *nix) is an attempt to not only

create a fully featured rescue/demo system on a

single CD, but also to unburden the user from the

task of hardware identication and conguration

of drivers, devices and X11 for his or her specic

hardware. The resulting product is supposed to

be a platform CD with a stable GNU/Linux base

system, that can be used to customize static

installations for a specic purpose.

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Dipl.-Ing. Klaus Knopper

Table Of Contents

1. The KNOPPIX boot procedure

Stage 1

The El Torito Standard

The Bootoppy

The Startup Scripts

Stage 2

2. The Filesystem

RAM

Chosing a lesystem

The compressed block device

The preparation scripts

Stage 3

3. Conguration and Applications

4. Planned Features

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The KNOPPIX boot procedure

Dipl.-Ing. Klaus Knopper

The El Torito Standard

Standard for bootable CD-ROMs with boot

index catalog for bootable images,

Boot modes must be supported by (E)IDE

or SCSI BIOS,

Only allowed: 1,2, 1.44, 2.88 MB Floppy

Image OR Harddisk emulation (BIOS

access, not supported by Linux Kernel),

CD-Rom

Image

Calibration and/or Geometry dependent

problems when loading boot images via

BIOS.

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The KNOPPIX boot procedure

Dipl.-Ing. Klaus Knopper

The Bootoppy

Standard 1.44 MB ext2 oppy image,

Kernel (compressed) ca. 640K,

4MB initrd (SCSI modules, scripts, devices,

shell) compressed ca. 790K,

LILO stuff & load map ca. 10K.

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The KNOPPIX boot procedure

Dipl.-Ing. Klaus Knopper

The Startup Scripts

/linuxrc

loads SCSI modules,

checks for CD-Rom or harddisk partition with installed system,

mounts CD or harddisk partition with KNOPPIX installation,

nds and uses existing swap partitions,

creates additional ramdisks for /home and /var ,

gives control to init .

/etc/rc.d/sysinit

starts PCMCIA subsystem if chipset present,

starts hardware detection and autoconguration ( hwsetup ),

parses cong les and modies system on ramdisk accordingly,

creates KDE desktop icons and links,

starts X-Server and xsession (with KDE or TWM, depending on conguration

and available memory).

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