lesson2.pdf

2. Lekcja

druga

PRESENT TENSE OF

VERBS.

REPORTING VERBS.

QUESTION WORDS.

dwa (m. or n.), dwie (f.) two. drugi , druga , drugie second

Ryba fish. Ryby fish(es), Pisces

Konwersacje:

2.A. Warszawa , Kraków

Finding for names and information about someone.

2.B. Jak masz na imi´?

Discussing first names.

2.C. Nie rozumiem

Speaking foreign languages.

2.D. JesteÊ pewien?

Appliances, and how well they work.

2.E. Co to znaczy?

Asking for the meaning of a word.

PERSONAL PRONOUNS.

2. LEKCJA DRUGA

Warszawa: Pa∏ac Kultury i Nauki Warsaw: Palace of Culture and Science.

Built in 1952-1955 as a "gift" from the occupying Soviet Union to Poland in

the center of the war-destroyed capital, this immense monument of

“Stalinist” architecture still dominates the modern Warsaw skyline. The

clock at the top, a recent addition, can be seen from all around downtown

Warsaw.

2. LEKCJA DRUGA

2.A. Warszawa , Kraków

Formal style. Trying to find out information about someone.

Pan: Gdzie pani mieszka?

Pani: Mieszkam i studiuj´ <pracuj´>

w Warszawie <w Krakowie> .

Pan: A jak si´ pani nazywa?

Pani: Nazywam si´ Maria Zieliƒska.

Dlaczego pan pyta?

Pan: Po prostu jestem ciekawy .

A czy pani jest zam´˝na?

Pani: To jest tylko moja sprawa, prosz´

pana.

Where do you live?

I live and study <work> in Warsaw <in

Krakow>.

And what's your name?

My name is Maria Zielinska. Why do you

ask?

I'm simply curious. And are you married?

That is only my business, if you please,

sir.

2. LEKCJA DRUGA

For active learning and dictation practice:

Dlaczego pan ( i ) pyta?

Jak si´ pan ( i ) nazywa?

Gdzie pan ( i ) mieszka?

Mieszkam w Warszawie.

To jest tylko moja sprawa.

Nazywam si´ Maria Zieliƒska

( Marian Zieliƒski ) .

Po prostu jestem ciekawy

( ciekawa ) .

Pracuj´ i studiuj´ w Krakowie.

Czy pani jest zam´˝na?

Czy pan jest ˝onaty?

Pytania

Answer questions beginning with dlaczego why with bo because .

Dlaczego on pyta? Why does he ask?

Bo on jest ciekawy ( bo ona jest ciekawa ) . Because he (she) is curious.

For some questions, you may want to answer nie wiem I don't know. or nie

wiemy we don't know. The word for 'her' is jej ; for 'his', jego (Lesson 3).

1. Gdzie mieszka ta pani? Czy ona te˝ tam pracuje? Czy ona studiuje? Co?

2. Jak ona si´ nazywa? Dlaczego ten pan pyta, czy ona jest zam´˝na?

3. Czy ta pani jest zam´˝na? Jak myÊlisz, czy ten pan jest ˝onaty?

4. A jak ty si´ nazywasz? Czy studiujesz? Co? Gdzie? Czy pracujesz? Gdzie?

5. Czy jesteÊ ˝onaty? (zam´˝na?) Czy myÊlisz, ˝e to jest tylko twoja sprawa?

6. By∏eÊ (by∏aÊ) w Warszawie? W Krakowie? Widzia∏eÊ (widzia∏aÊ) Pa∏ac

Kultury w Warszawie? KoÊció∏ Mariacki w Krakowie?

Uwagi

by∏eÊ ( by∏aÊ ) you were, you have

been

mieszkaç mieszkam mieszkasz live,

reside

mo˝e maybe, perhaps

myÊleç myÊl´, myÊlisz think

nazywaç si´ nazywam si´ nazywasz si´

be called, call oneself. The verb

implies both first and last name.

pan X "pan iks", pani Y "pani igrek"

po prostu simply, merely. From

prosty simple.

pracowaç pracuj´ pracujesz work

prosz´ pana if you please, sir

pytaç pytam pytasz ask (a question)

studiowaç studiuj´, studiujesz study

(as a main subject)

uwa˝aç uwa˝am uwa˝asz consider,

think

w Warszawie in Warsaw, w

Krakowie in Krakow. Locative case

forms of Warszawa , Kraków .

widzia∏eÊ ( widzia∏aÊ ) you saw, have

seen

zam´˝na aj married (of a woman)

˝onaty asj married (of a man)

2. LEKCJA DRUGA

GRAMATYKA 2.A.

REVIEW OF POLISH VOWEL SOUNDS

There are six Polish plain-vowel sounds ( a e y i o u / ó ) and two nasal-

vowel sounds ( à ´ ), produced by adding nasality to the plain vowels o and

e , respectively. The plain vowels are always pronounced predictably the

same, wherever they occur. All plain vowels are pronounced short, achieved

by not moving the lips or tongue during pronunciation. The letters u and ó

are two ways of spelling the same sound.

a. a is pronounced like a in English father, but shorter: adres address, tak

yes, thus, pada falls, cia∏o body, zdania opinions.

b. e is pronounced like e in English get : echo echo, wtedy then, ten that-

masc. In English the sound "e" does not occur in final position; in Polish, it

often does. Practice: dobre good-neut., ∏adne pretty-neut., mo˝e maybe.

c. The letter i before another vowel never goes with the vowel but

always indicates that the preceding consonant is soft. Final ie is always

pronounced the same as any e . Practice nie "ƒe" no, not, zdanie "ZDA-ƒe"

sentence, ludzie "LU-dêe" people, umie "U-m'e" (s)he knows how. Here are

some words containing both an internal and a word-final ie . Pronounce both

instances of ie identically, as "e" niesie "¡E-Êe" (s)he carries, wiezie "W'E-êe"

(s)he transports, wiedzie "W'E-dêe" (s)he leads, u ciebie "u åE-b'e" with you, at

your place.

d. y is pronounced like i in English sit: czy whether, myd∏o soap, py∏

dust. In English this sound does not occur in final position; in Polish it often

does. Practice: ty you- sg., ∏adny pretty-masc., lody ice-cream.

e. i is pronounced like ee in English beet , but shorter: ig∏a needle, mi∏y

nice-masc., tani "taƒi" cheap.

f. o is pronounced like o in English coat, but shorter, without moving the

lips: to that, okno window, blisko close, motor motor.

g. u and ó are pronounced like oo in English toot , but shorter, without

moving the lips: tu here, nudny boring, po polsku in Polish, stó∏ "stu∏" table,

wódka "wutka" vodka.

The letter ó designates the vowel "u" when it alternates with o in other

forms of the same word. See mój "muj", moja , moje my (m./f./n.), stó∏

"stu∏" sto∏y table(s).

h. à is pronounced like on in English tone, but without completely

closing the n . This sound occurs in its pure state only in final position and

before s , Ê , sz , z , ê , ˝ . Practice: sà they are, tà that-fem.sg.Inst, mà˝ "màsz"

husband, wàski narrow.

Superficial appearances to the contrary, the letter à has nothing to do

with the sound of a in, say, tam there; à represents nasal o , not a nasal a .

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