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How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. Walter Rodney 1973
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. Walter Rodney 1973
Walter Rodney 1973
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa
Published by : Bogle-L'Ouverture Publications, London and
Tanzanian Publishing House, Dar-Es-Salaam 1973, Transcript from
6th reprint, 1983;
Transcribed : by Joaquin Arriola.
To
Pat, Muthoni, Mashaka and
the extended family
Contents
1.1 What is Development
1.2 What is Underdevelopment?
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How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. Walter Rodney 1973
2.1 General Over-View
2.2 Concrete Examples
3.1 How Europe Became the Dominant Section of a World-
Wide Trade System
3.2 Africa’s contribution to the economy and beliefs of early
capitalist Europe
4.1 The European Slave Trade as a Basic Factor in African
Underdevelopment
4.2 Technological Stagnation and Distortion of the African
Economy in the Pre-Colonial Epoch
4.3 Continuing Politico-Military Developments in Africa —
1500 to 1885
5.1 Expatriation of African Surplus Under Colonialism
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. Walter Rodney 1973
5.2 The Strengthening of Technological and Military Aspects
of Capitalism
6.1 The Supposed Benefits of Colonialism to Africa
6.2 Negative Character of the Social, Political and Economic
Consequences
6.3 Education for Underdevelopment
6.4 Development by Contradiction
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How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. Walter Rodney 1973
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. Walter Rodney 1973
Preface
This book derives from a concern with the contemporary African
situation. It delves into the past only because otherwise it would be
impossible to understand how the present came into being and what the
trends are for the near future. In the search for an understanding of what
is now called “underdevelopment” in Africa, the limits of enquiry have
had to be fixed as far apart as the fifteenth century, on the one hand and
the end of the colonial period, on the other hand.
Ideally. an analysis of underdevelopment should come even closer to
the present than the end of the colonial period in the 1960s. The
phenomenon of neo-colonialism cries out for extensive investigation in
order to formulate the strategy and tactics of African emancipation and
development. This study does not go that far, but at least certain
solutions are implicit in a correct historical evaluation, just as given
medical remedies are indicated or contra-indicated by a correct
diagnosis of a patient’s condition and an accurate case-history.
Hopefully, the facts and interpretation that follow will make a small
contribution towards reinforcing the conclusion that African
development is possible only on the basis of a radical break with the
international capitalist system, which has been the principal agency of
underdevelopment of Africa over the last five centuries.
As the reader will observe, the question of development strategy is
tackled briefly in the final section by A.M. Babu, former Minister of
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. Walter Rodney 1973
Economic Affairs and Development Planning, who has been actively
involved in fashioning policy along those lines in the Tanzanian context
[n.b.: not included in this reprint] . It is no accident that the text as a
whole has been written within Tanzania, where expressions of concern
for development have been accompanied by considerably more positive
action than in several other parts of the continent.
Many colleagues and comrades shared in the preparation of this work.
Special thanks must go to comrades Karim Hirji and Henry Mapolu of
the University of Dar es Salaam, who read the manuscript in a spirit of
constructive criticism. But, contrary to the fashion in most prefaces, I
will not add that “all mistakes and shortcomings are entirely my
responsibility.” That is sheer bourgeois subjectivism. Responsibility in
matters of these sorts is always collective, especially with regard to the
remedying of shortcomings. My thanks also go to the Tanzania
Publishing House and Bogle L'Ouverture Publications for co-operating
in producing this volume as simply and cheaply as possible. The
purpose has been to try and reach Africans who wish to explore further
the nature of their exploitation, rather than to satisfy the ‘standard, set
by our oppressors and their spokesmen in the academic world.
Walter Rodney.
Dar es Salaam.
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