EC155_Guide.pdf

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L_English_Cafe_155_Guide.pdf
English as a Second Language Podcast
www.eslpod.com
ENGLISH CAFÉ – 155
TOPICS
The CIA; how to become a court interpreter and/or an interpreter for the U.N.;
haunting versus haunted; completion versus completeness; to take (somebody)
on
_____________
GLOSSARY
intelligence – knowing what other people are doing, especially when they do it
secretly
* Deon works for an organization that gathers intelligence about political
prisoners.
foreign – from another country; not from one’s own country
* The university has more than 5,000 foreign students each year.
advisor – a person who gives ideas and suggestions to another person
* My financial advisor told me that I should sell my stocks in this company before
the price goes down any further.
clandestine – secretive; something that is kept hidden
* My mother told me only last year that while she was young, she did clandestine
work for the government.
to tap a phone – to put a very small microphone and tape recorder inside a
phone so that one can hear all the conversations on that phone without letting
the people who are speaking know about it
* It is illegal for your employer to tap your work phone without your permission.
to bug – to hide small microphones in a room or building so that one can hear
the conversations without the speakers knowing about it
* The security team looked carefully for bugs in this room before the meeting of
world leaders.
to infiltrate – to join an organization to learn more about it, without the people in
the group knowing one’s true purpose
* The police officer was able to infiltrate Los Angeles’ worse crime organization
by pretending to be a drug dealer.
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ENGLISH CAFÉ – 155
espionage – spying; when one tries to find secret information about another
country or organization and then send that information back to the country or
organization that one works for
* This book is about a man who is arrested for espionage and who has to escape
back to his home country.
implication – what something means, but in a way that isn’t very obvious
* Our climate is getting dryer and dryer each year, and the implication is that we
will have major droughts in the future.
interpreter – a person whose job is to translate spoken words at the same time
as when they are said
* Interpreters can listen, think, and speak at the same time.
court – place where legal decisions are made about whether or not people have
committed a crime and whether or not they should be punished
* Kahlil got a speeding ticket and wants to go to court to fight it and to see if he
can avoid paying it.
to polish – to improve something so that one can do it very well; to become even
better at doing something
* I need to polish up my tennis playing before I challenge you to a game.
haunting – having a memorable quality that brings a person or thing to mind
frequently; beautiful in a sad and unforgettable way
* The song has a haunting melody that is not easy to forget.
haunted – showing signs of anxiety or suffering; continually or always troubled
* After his wife died, Mike had a haunted look about him for months.
completion – the act or process of finishing something; the state of being done
with something
* How much more time will you need for the completion of this bridge?
completeness – the quality of having all the parts or steps; in a whole or perfect
condition
* Please check each order for completeness before you send it out.
to take (somebody) on – to give a person a job; to fight or compete with
someone
* Sienna is very brave for taking on the tobacco industry by suing them in court.
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these materials on another website or distributing them in any way is prohibited.
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English as a Second Language Podcast
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ENGLISH CAFÉ – 155
WHAT INSIDERS KNOW
Books by Tom Clancy
Do you like books and movies about spies? If you do, you have probably seen a
movie based on a book by Tom Clancy.
Tom Clancy is an American writer who has published many “bestselling” (very
popular) political “thrillers” (with a lot of suspense and action). His books are
often about espionage and the “military” (soldiers working for the government).
Clancy’s books have been so popular that he is only one of two writers who have
sold more than two million copies of a book in its “first printing” (the first copies a
publisher produces depending on how many they expect to sell) in the 1990s.
His “novel” (fiction book; book not about true events) Clear and Present Danger
sold 1.6 million “hardcover” (book with a hard paper cover) copies, which made it
the number one bestselling novel in the 1980s.
This book, Clear and Present Danger, and many others were made into very
successful movies with some of the most well known American actors. One of
Tom Clancy’s famous “characters” (people in books, plays, etc.) is a man named
Jack Ryan who works for the CIA.
Jack Ryan is an intelligence “analyst,” which means he looks at written evidence
and tries to find out or figure out what is really happening and what the
implications are. He works in an office, but because he finds information that is
important for the security of the United States, he ends up in dangerous
situations “in the field” (outside of the office; in a location where the action is
happening). Jack Ryan appears in several books and is one of Tom Clancy’s
most famous characters.
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These materials are copyrighted by the Center for Educational Development (2008). Posting of
these materials on another website or distributing them in any way is prohibited.
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English as a Second Language Podcast
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ENGLISH CAFÉ – 155
COMPLETE TRANSCRIPT
You’re listening to ESL Podcast’s English Café number 155.
This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 155. I’m your host, Dr.
Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development in
beautiful Los Angeles, California.
Visit our website at eslpod.com. Download this episode’s Learning Guide, an 8
to 10 page guide we provide for all of our current episodes that gives you some
additional help in improving your English. You can also take a look at our ESL
Podcast Store, with additional courses in English, and our ESL Podcast Blog,
where we provide additional help several times a week on your English journey.
On this Café, we’re going to talk about a famous part of the U.S. government,
famous both in a good and a bad way sometimes, the Central Intelligence
Agency, or CIA. Then we’ll discover how to become a court interpreter or
interpreter for the United Nations, something that is very popular here in the
United States. And as always, we’ll answer a few of your questions. Let’s get
started.
Our first topic on this Café is the CIA, the Central Intelligence Agency. The CIA
is a government agency, and as an agency it’s part of the government. An
“agency” is like a department or a division, it’s a section, or part of the
government. Normally the word “intelligence” refers to how smart someone is or
how much knowledge someone has. In this context, however, intelligence is
about knowing what other people are doing or planning to do, especially when
they do it secretly. The CIA collects information or intelligence, about foreign
governments, companies, and people. “Foreign,” here, means someone from
another country. The CIA, then, is supposed to gather intelligence only about
people, governments, and companies outside of the U.S. There’s another
federal, or national, organization called the FBI, or Federal Bureau of
Investigation, that is supposed to be in charge of what we would call “domestic
intelligence,” “domestic” meaning within a country.
The CIA was officially created by President Harry Truman back in 1947, after the
end of World War II. The CIA is supposed to be like an advisor to the president
of the United States. An “advisor” (advisor) is a person who gives ideas and
suggestions to another person. There’s a verb “advise” (advise), which means to
give someone suggestions, ideas, and so forth. Many students, for example,
have advisors in college, at least in the United States, that help them decide
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English as a Second Language Podcast
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ENGLISH CAFÉ – 155
which classes they should take and what they might want to do after graduation.
In American universities, you’re usually assigned, or given, a specific person who
will be your advisor, at least for the first few years. The CIA, then, is an advisor
to the U.S. president, giving him or her ideas about how to act with other
countries and the people in those countries.
One part of the CIA is called the National Clandestine Service. “Clandestine”
means secretive, something that is kept hidden. You could have clandestine
plans to rob a bank; because they’re secret you don’t want anyone to know about
them. The CIA’s National Clandestine Service has many Americans working in
other countries, trying to find important information that those countries may be
keeping secret. They can do this in many ways. This part of the CIA is
sometimes called the “covert (covert) operations.” “Covert” is another word for
secretive or “undercover,” meaning nobody knows who you are really supposed
to be.
One of the things the CIA might do is tap the phones. To “tap (tap) a phone”
means that you put a very small microphone with, perhaps, a transmitter or tape
recorder inside the phone so that you can hear all of the conversations on that
phone without letting people who are speaking know that you are listening. At
least that’s the way it used to be done; there’s probably more sophisticated,
technologically advanced ways of doing it. When tapping the phones, the CIA
might also bug a house or a building. “Bugging” means hiding small
microphones in a room or a building so that you can listen to and record the
conversations, once again, secretly, without people knowing you’re doing it. The
reason it’s called bugging – to bug a house – is because, at least in the old days,
the piece of electronics that the CIA used was very small, about the size of a
small bug or insect, so people couldn’t see it.
The CIA might also try, especially with foreign governments or terrorist
organizations, to infiltrate the organization. To “infiltrate” (infiltrate) means to join
an organization to learn more about it but you’re not really wanting to become a
member of the organization. You don’t want to be a terrorist, but you want to find
out what that group is doing, and so you join as a member in order to get
information to give to your government or the CIA. This is to infiltrate. You’ll
hear that word when you read about the CIA. If the CIA thinks an organization,
for example, is going to bomb the United States, it might send a person to
infiltrate that organization, to become a member of it.
Another important tool is “espionage,” or spying. “Espionage” (espionage)
happens when you try to find secret information about another country or
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these materials on another website or distributing them in any way is prohibited.
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