Table_of_English_Tenses.pdf

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Table of English Tenses
Tense
Signal words
Use
Form
Examples
affirmative
Examples
negative
Examples
interrogative
something happens
repeatedly
I work .
I don't work .
Do I work ?
every day
Does he
work ?
He work s .
He doesn't work .
sometimes
how often something
happens
I go .
I don't go .
Do I go ?
always
one action follows
another
Simple
Present
or
Present Simple
often
infinitive he/she/it
+ -s
usually
things in general
seldom
after the following
verbs (to love, to
hate, to think, etc.)
He go es .
He doesn't go .
Does he go ?
never
first ... then
future meaning:
timetables,
programmes
now
something is
happening at the
same time of speaking
or around it
I'm work ing .
I'm not work ing .
Am I
wor k ing ?
Present
Progressive or
Present Continuous
at the moment
to be (am/are/is) +
infinitive + -ing
He's work ing .
He isn't work ing .
Is he
work ing ?
Look!
future meaning: when
you have already
decided and
arranged to do it (a
fixed plan, date)
I'm go ing .
I'm not go ing .
Am I go ing ?
Listen!
He's go ing .
He isn't go ing .
Is he go ing ?
last ...
action took place in
the past, mostly
connected with an
expression of time (no
connection to the
present)
I work ed .
I didn't work .
Did I work ?
Simple
Past
or
Past
Simple
regular:
infinitive + -ed
irregular:
2nd column of table
of irregular verbs
... ago
He work ed .
He didn't work .
Did he work ?
I went .
I didn't go .
Did I go ?
in 1990
He went .
He didn't go .
Did he go ?
yesterday
an action happened in
the middle of another
action
I was work ing .
I wasn't work ing .
Was I
work ing ?
Was he
work ing ?
Past
Progressive or
Past Continuous
was/were +
infinitive + -ing
He was work ing .
He wasn't work ing .
while
someone was doing
sth. at a certain time
(in the past) - you do
not know whether it
was finished or not
I was go ing .
I wasn't go ing .
Was I go ing ?
He was go ing .
He wasn't go ing .
Was he
go ing ?
just
I have work ed .
I haven't work ed .
Have I
work ed ?
yet
Has he
work ed ?
He has work ed .
He hasn't work ed .
never
you say that sth. has
happened or is
finished in the past
and it has a
connection to the
present
have/has + past
participle *
I have gone .
I haven't gone .
Have I gone ?
ever
Simple
Present
Perfect
or
Present
Perfect
already
*( infinitive + -ed ) or
(3rd column of
table of irregular
verbs)
so far,
action started in the
past and continues up
to the present
up to now,
He has gone .
He hasn't gone .
Has he gone ?
since
for
recently
all day
action began in the
past and has just
stopped
I have been
work ing .
I haven't been
work ing .
Have I been
work ing ?
Present Perfect
Progressive or
Present
Perfect
Continuous
the whole day
He has been
work ing .
He hasn't been
work ing .
Has he been
work ing ?
have/has + been +
infinitive + -ing
how long
how long the action
has been happening
I haven't been
go ing .
Have I been
go ing ?
I have been go ing .
since
emphasis: length of
time of an action
for
He has been go ing .
He hasn't been
go ing .
Has he been
go ing ?
mostly when two
actions in a story are
related to each other:
the action which had
already happened is
put into Past Perfect,
the other action into
Simple Past
I had work ed .
I hadn't work ed .
Had I
work ed ?
Simple
Past
Perfect
or
Past
Perfect
(Simple)
had + past
participle *
already
He had work ed .
He hadn't work ed .
Had he
work ed ?
just
*( infinitive + -ed ) or
(3rd column of
table of irregular
verbs)
I had gone .
I hadn't gone .
Had I gone ?
never
He had gone .
He hadn't gone .
Had he gone ?
the past of the
Present Perfect
7598437.001.png 7598437.002.png
I had been work ing .
I hadn't been
work ing .
Had I been
work ing ?
Past Perfect
Progressive or
Past Perfect
Continuous
how long
how long something
had been happening
before something else
happened
He had been
work ing .
He hadn't been
work ing .
Had he been
work ing ?
since
had + been +
infinitive + ing
Had I been
go ing ?
for
I had been go ing . I hadn't been go ing .
He had been go ing .
He hadn't been
go ing .
Had he been
go ing ?
predictions about the
future (you think that
sth. will happen)
I 'll work .
I won't work .
Will I work ?
He 'll work .
He won't work .
Will he work ?
I 'll go .
I won't go .
Will I go ?
you decide to do sth.
spontaneously at the
time of speaking, you
haven't made a
decision before
will - future
will + infinitive
He 'll go .
He won't go .
Will he go ?
main clause in type I
of the if clauses
I 'm going to work .
I 'm not going to
work .
Am I go ing to
work ?
when you have
already decided to do
sth. in the future
He 's going to work .
He 's not going to
work .
Is he go ing
to work ?
be (am/are/is) +
going to + infinitive
going to - future
Am I go ing to
go ?
what you think what
will happen
I 'm going to go .
I 'm not going to go .
He 's going to go .
He 's not going to
go .
Is he go ing
to go ?
An action will be in
progress at a certain
time in the future.
This action has begun
before the certain
time.
I 'll be work ing .
I won't be work ing .
Will I be
work ing ?
Future Progressive or
Future Continuous
will + be + infinitive
+ ing
He 'll be work ing .
He won't be
work ing .
Will he be
work ing ?
Will I be
go ing ?
I 'll be go ing .
I won't be go ing .
Something happens
because it normally
happens.
He 'll be go ing .
He won't be go ing .
Will he be
go ing ?
I 'll have work ed .
I won't have
work ed .
Will I have
work ed ?
will + have + past
participle *
Simple
Future
Perfect
or
Future Perfect
Simple
sth. will already have
happened before a
certain time in the
future
He 'll have work ed .
He won't have
work ed .
Will he have
work ed ?
*( infinitive + -ed ) or
(3rd column of
table of irregular
verbs)
I 'll have gone .
I won't have gone .
Will I have
gone ?
Will he have
gone ?
He 'll have gone .
He won't have gone .
I 'll have been
work ing .
I won't have been
work ing .
Will I have
been
w ork ing ?
sth. will already have
happened before a
certain time in the
future
Future
Perfect
Progressive or
Future
Perfect
Continuous
will + have + been
+ infinitive + ing
He 'll have been
work ing .
He won't have been
work ing .
Will he have
been
work ing ?
Will I have
been
work ing ?
emphasis: length of
time of an action
I 'll have been go ing . I won't have been
go ing .
He 'll have been
go ing .
He won't have been
go ing .
Will he have
been
work ing ?
I would work .
I wouldn't
work .
Would I
work ?
sth. that might
happen
He would work .
He wouldn't work .
Would he
work ?
Conditional Simple
would + infinitive
main clause in type II
of the if-clauses
I would go .
I wouldn't go .
Would I go ?
He would go .
He wouldn't
go .
Would he
go ?
I would be work ing .
I wouldn't be
work ing .
Would I be
work ing ?
Conditional
Progressive
or
Conditional
Continuous
sth. that might
happen
would + be +
infinitive + ing
He would be
work ing .
He wouldn't be
work ing .
Would he be
work ing ?
emphasis: length of
time of an action
Would I be
go ing ?
I would be go ing . I wouldn't be go ing .
He would be go ing .
He wouldn't be
go ing .
Would he be
go ing ?
Conditional Perfect
sth. that might have
happened in the past
(It's too late now.)
would + have +
past participle *
I would have
work ed .
I wouldn't have
work ed .
Would I have
work ed ?
Would he
have
work ed ?
main clause in type III
of the if clauses
*( infinitive + -ed ) or
(3rd column of
table of irregular
verbs)
He would have
work ed .
He wouldn't have
work ed .
I would have gone . I wouldn't have
Would I have
7598437.003.png
gone .
gone ?
He would have
gone .
He wouldn't have
gone .
Would I have
gone ?
I would have been
work ing .
I wouldn't have
been work ing .
Would I have
been
work ing ?
Conditional Perfect
Progressive
or
Conditional
Perfect
Continuous
sth. that might have
happened in the past
(It's too late now.)
would + have +
been + infinitive +
ing
He would
have been go ing .
He wouldn't have
been go ing .
Would he
have been
work ing ?
emphasis: length of
time of an action
I would have been
go ing .
I wouldn't have
been go ing .
Would I have
been go ing ?
He would have been
go ing .
He wouldn't have
been go ing .
Would he
have been
go ing ?
7598437.004.png

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