TC - Turkish Language Lessons 6.pdf

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TC - Turkish Language Lessons 6
TC Turkish Language Lessons
http://www.turkishclass.com/turkish/lessons/lesson_print.php?lesson_id=74
www.turkishclass.com
Present Simple Tense
Tenses
There are 5 fundamental tenses in Turkish. These are:
1.
Present simple tense (Geni zaman)
2.
Present continuous tense (imdiki zaman)
3.
Future tense (Gelecek zaman)
4.
Past tense with di (di'li geçmi zaman) > Regular past tense
5.
Past tense with mi (mi'li geçmi zaman) > Also called the story past tense
Present simple tense (Geni zaman)
The present simple tense is used, very much ike the one in English:
To make general statements
Water boils at 100 degrees. > Su 100 derecede kaynar.
To mention things you do regularly
I run every morning. > Her sabah koarım.
Present simple tense is used only for verbs, it is not meaningful for nouns and adjectives.
Present simple tense of a verb is constructed this way:
verb root + ir or er + present tense to be
The suffix for constructing the present simple tense of a verb is not always the same. The suffix is sometimes ir ,
sometimes er . This is the only tense with this irregularity, but there are certain rules that will tell you which one to choose
most of the time. The rules that will help you choose which one of ir or er to use as suffix are as follows:
1.
If the verb ends with a vowel, the vowel of the suffix falls and you add only r.
arar > arar > he calls
okur > okur > he reads
2.
If the verb has more than one syllable, use ir
kapatir > kapatır > he closes
konuir > konuur > he talks
3.
If the verb has only one syllable:
1.
If the vowel of this syllable is 'a' or 'e' and if the verb ends with 'l', 'n' or 'r' then use ir
gelir > gelir > he comes
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TC Turkish Language Lessons
http://www.turkishclass.com/turkish/lessons/lesson_print.php?lesson_id=74
verir > verir > he gives
2.
Use er for the other single syllable cases
giter > gider > he goes
koar > koar > he runs
Now, let's look at how the present simple tense is used with different personal pronouns:
English
Turkish
Example 1
to come > gelmek
i come
(ben) gelirim > gelirim
you come
(sen) gelirsin > gelirsin
he \
she | comes
(o) gelir
it /
we come
(biz) geliriz > geliriz
you come
(siz) gelirsiniz > gelirsiniz
they come
(onlar) gelirler > gelirler
Example 2
to talk > konumak
i talk
(ben) konuurim > konuurum
you talk
(sen) konuursin > konuursun
he \
she | talks
(o) konuur
it /
we talk
(biz) konuuriz > konuuruz
you talk
(siz) konuursiniz > konuursunuz
they talk
(onlar) konuurler > konuurlar
The negative of present simple tense is a little different than just adding the negativemaking suffix me . Construction of
negatives of present simple tense is given in the table below. The negativemaking suffix becomes mez except for I and
we . Moreover, when negative suffix is used, the present simple tense suffix is not used.
English
Turkish
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TC Turkish Language Lessons
http://www.turkishclass.com/turkish/lessons/lesson_print.php?lesson_id=74
Example 1
to come > gelmek
i don't come
(ben) gelmeim > gelmem
you don't come
(sen) gelmezsin > gelmezsin
he \
she | doesn't come
(o) gelmez > gelmez
it /
we don't come
(biz) gelmeiz > gelmeyiz
you don't come
(siz) gelmezsiniz > gelmezsiniz
they don't come
(onlar) gelmezler > gelmezler
Present simple tense is the most irregular tense in Turkish, it's not simple as the name implies.
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