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Data structures and Program Design in C++
Data Structures
and
Program Design
in C ++
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20062772.002.png
Data Structures
and
Program Design
Robert L. Kruse
Alexander J. Ryba
CD-ROM prepared by
Paul A. Mailhot
Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
in C ++
20062772.003.png
Library of Congress Cataloging–in–Publication Data
K RUSE ,R OBERT L.
Data structures and program design in C++ / Robert L. Kruse,
Alexander J. Ryba.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0–13–087697–6
1. C++ (Computer program language) 2. Data Structures
(Computer Science) I. Ryba, Alexander J. II. Title.
QA76.73.C153K79 1998
98–35979
005.13’3—dc21
CIP
Publisher: Alan Apt
Editor in Chief: Marcia Horton
Acquisitions Editor: Laura Steele
Production Editor: Rose Kernan
Managing Editor: Eileen Clark
Art Director: Heather Scott
Assistant to Art Director: John Christiana
Copy Editor: Patricia Daly
Cover Designer: Heather Scott
Manufacturing Buyer: Pat Brown
Assistant Vice President of Production and
Manufacturing: David W. Riccardi
Editorial Assistant: Kate Kaibni
Interior Design: Robert L. Kruse
Page Layout: Ginnie Masterson (PreT E X, Inc.)
Art Production: Blake MacLean (PreT E X, Inc.)
Cover art: Orange , 1923, by Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944), Lithograph in Colors.
Source: Christie’s Images
© 2000 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Simon & Schuster/A Viacom Company
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
The typesetting for this book was done with PreT E X, a preprocessor and macro package for the T E X typesetting system
and the P OST S CRIPT page-description language. PreT E X is a trademark of PreT E X, Inc.; T E X is a trademark of the American
Mathematical Society; P OST S CRIPT is a registered trademarks of Adobe Systems, Inc.
The authors and publisher of this book have used their best efforts in preparing this book. These efforts include the re-
search, development, and testing of the theory and programs in the book to determine their effectiveness. The authors
and publisher make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these programs or the documenta-
tion contained in this book. The authors and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental or consequential
damages in connection with, or arising out of, the furnishing, performance, or use of these programs.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writ-
ing from the publisher.
Printed in the United States of America
10987654321
ISBN 0-13-087697-6
Prentice-Hall International (U.K.) Limited, London
Prentice-Hall of Australia Pty. Limited, Sydney
Prentice-Hall Canada Inc., Toronto
Prentice-Hall Hispanoamericana, S.A., Mexico
Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi
Prentice-Hall of Japan, Inc., Tokyo
Simon & Schuster Asia Pte. Ltd., Singapore
Editora Prentice-Hall do Brasil, Ltda., Rio de Janeiro
20062772.004.png
Contents
Preface ix
Synopsis xii
Course Structure xiv
Supplementary Materials
1.4.7 Program Tracing 28
1.4.8 Principles of Program Testing
29
xv
1.5 Program Maintenance 34
1.5.1 Program Evaluation 34
1.5.2 Review of the Life Program
Book Production
xvi
35
Acknowledgments
xvi
1.5.3 Program Revision
and Redevelopment 38
1.6 Conclusions and Preview 39
1.6.1 Software Engineering
1
Programming
Principles
1
1.6.2 Problem Analysis 40
1.6.3 Requirements Specification
39
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 The Game of Life 4
1.2.1 Rules for the Game of Life
41
1.6.4 Coding 41
Pointers and Pitfalls 45
Review Questions 46
References for Further Study 47
C++ 47
Programming Principles
4
1.2.2 Examples 5
1.2.3 The Solution: Classes, Objects,
and Methods 7
1.2.4 Life: The Main Program
8
47
1.3 Programming Style 10
1.3.1 Names 10
1.3.2 Documentation and Format
The Game of Life 47
Software Engineering
13
48
2
1.3.3 Refinement and Modularity
15
Introduction
to Stacks
1.4 Coding, Testing,
and Further Refinement 20
1.4.1 Stubs 20
1.4.2 Definition of the Class Life
49
2.1 Stack Specifications 50
2.1.1 Lists and Arrays
22
50
1.4.3 Counting Neighbors
23
2.1.2 Stacks 50
2.1.3 First Example: Reversing a List
1.4.4 Updating the Grid
24
51
1.4.5 Input and Output
25
2.1.4 Information Hiding 54
2.1.5 The Standard Template Library
1.4.6 Drivers
27
55
v
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