Encyclopedia of Swearing.pdf

Swearing

AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF

Swearing

THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF

OATHS, PROFANITY, FOUL LANGUAGE,

AND ETHNIC SLURS IN

THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING WORLD

GEOFFREY HUGHES

. E.Sharpe

Armonk, New York

London, England

AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF

without written permission from the publisher, M.E. Sharpe, Inc.,

80 Business Park Drive, Armonk, New York 10504.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Hughes, Geoffrey, 1939–

An encyclopedia of swearing : the social history of oaths, profanity, foul language, and

ethnic slurs in the English-speaking world / Geoffrey Hughes.

p.cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN–13: 978-0-7656-1231-1 (alk. paper)

ISBN–10: 0-7656-1231-3

1. English language—Obscene words—Dictionaries. 2. English language—Slang—

Dictionaries. 3. Blessing and cursing—Dictionaries. 4. Invective—Dictionaries.

5. Swearing—Dictionaries. I. Title.

PE3724.O3H84 2006

427'.09—dc22

2005012793

Printed in the United States of America

The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of

American National Standard for Information Sciences

Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials,

ANSI Z 39.48-1984.

M (c) 10