Encyclopedia of Molecular Pharmacology, 2nd edition.pdf

Encyclopedia of Molecular Pharmacology

S TEFAN O FFERMANNS AND W ALTER R OSENTHAL (Eds.)

Encyclopedia of Molecular Pharmacology

(2nd edition)

With 487 Figures* and 171 Tables

*For color figures please see our Electronic Reference on www.springerlink.com

Editors:

Professor Dr. Stefan Offermanns

Pharmakologisches Institut

Universität Heidelberg

Im Neuenheimer Feld 366

D-69120 Heidelberg

Germany

Stefan.Offermanns@pharma.uni-heidelberg.de

Professor Dr. Walter Rosenthal

Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)

Campus Berlin-Buch

Robert-Rössle-Str. 10

D-13125 Berlin

Germany

Rosenthal@fmp-berlin.de

A C.I.P. Catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress

ISBN: 978-3-540-38916-3

This publication is available also as:

Electronic publication under ISBN 978-3-540-38918-7 and

Print and electronic bundle under ISBN 978-3-540-38921-7

Library of Congress Control Number: 2008921487

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of

translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks.

Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is only permitted under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in

its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the

German Copyright Law.

The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are

exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about the application of operative techniques and

medications contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature.

Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media

springer.com

Printed on acid-free paper SPIN: 191230 2109

—

543210

Preface to the First Edition

, reaching out not only to other life

sciences such as physiology, biochemistry, cell biology and clinical medicine, but also to chemistry and physics.

In a rather successful initial phase, pharmacologists devoted their time to describing drug actions either at the single

organ level or on an entire organism. Over the last few decades, however, research has focused on the molecular

mechanisms by which drugs exert their effects. Here, cultured cells or even cell-free systems have served as models.

As a consequence, our knowledge of the molecular basis of drug actions has increased enormously. The aim of

Encyclopedic Reference of Molecular Pharmacology is to cover this rapidly developing field.

“

open borders

”

The reductionist approach described above has made it increasingly important to relate the molecular processes

underlying drug actions to the drug effect on the level of an organ or whole organism. Only this integrated view will

allow the full understanding and prediction of drug actions, and enable a rational approach to drug development. On

the molecular or even atomic level, new disciplines such as bioinformatics and structural biology have evolved.

They have gained major importance within the field but are particularly relevant for the rational development and

design of new drugs. Finally, the availability of the complete genome sequence of an increasing number of species

provides a basis for systematic, genome-wide pharmacological research aimed at the identification of new drug

targets and individualised drug treatment (pharmacogenomics and pharmacogenetics). All these aspects are

considered in this encyclopedia.

The main goal of the Encyclopedia is to provide up-to-date information on the molecular mechanisms of drug

action. Leading experts in the field have provided 159 essays, which form the core structure of this publication.

Most of the essays describe groups of drugs and drug targets, with the emphasis not only on already exploited drug

targets, but also on potential drug targets as well. Several essays deal with the more general principles of

pharmacology, such as drug tolerance, drug addiction or drug metabolism. Others portray important cellular

processes or pathological situations and describe how they can be influenced by drugs. The essays are

complemented by more than 1600 keywords, for which links are provided. By looking up the keywords or titles of

essays highlighted in each essay, the reader can obtain further information on the subject. The alphabetical order of

entries makes the Encyclopedia very easy to use and helps the reader to search successfully. In addition, the names

of authors are listed alphabetically, together with the title of their essay, to allow a search by author name.

Apart from very few exceptions, the entries in the main text do not contain drug names in their titles. Instead, drugs

that are commonly used all over the world are listed in the Appendix. Also included in the Appendix are four

extensive sections that contain tables listing proteins such as receptors, transporters or ion channels, which are of

particular interest as drug targets or modulators of drug action.

The Encyclopedia provides valuable information for readers with different expectations and backgrounds (from

scientists, students and lecturers to informed lay-people) and fills the gap between pharmacology textbooks and

specialized reviews.

All the contributing authors as well as the editors have taken great care to provide up-to-date information. However,

inconsistencies or errors may remain, for which we assume full responsibility. We welcome comments, suggestions

or corrections and look forward to a stimulating dialog with the readers of the Encyclopedic Reference of Molecular

Pharmacology whether their comments concern the content of an individual entry or the entire concept.

We are indebted to our colleagues for their excellent contributions. It has been a great experience, both personally

and scientifically, to interact with and learn from the 200 plus contributing authors. We would also like to thank

Ms. Hana Deuchert and Ms. Katharina Schmalfeld for their excellent and invaluable secretarial assistance during all

the stages of this project. Within Springer-Verlag, we are grateful to Dr. Thomas Mager for suggesting the project and

to Frank Krabbes for his technical expertise. Finally, we would like to express our gratitude to Dr. Claudia Lange

for successfully managing the project and for her encouraging support. It has been a pleasure to work with her.

Heidelberg/Berlin, June 2003

S TEFAN O FFERMANNS AND W ALTER R OSENTHAL

The era of pharmacology, the science concerned with the understanding of drug action, began only about 150 years

ago when Rudolf Buchheim established the first pharmacological laboratory in Dorpat (now, Tartu, Estonia). Since

then, pharmacology has always been a lively discipline with

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika: